Many variations of canons follow the same principles, including Van de Graafs and golden ratios's...
Fibonacci & Golden Ratio
Despite this image being very familiar to me throughout design culture, only today did I find out what it actually means. Working to a ratio of 8:13, it is not only relevant within design but also nature when structuring forms, depicted from Classic Renaissance Masterpieces and Architecture from antiquity.
Within a small debate between some peers and myself, the validity and use of Fibonacci's idea. It was argued that Apple's icons and logo are all created with this principle, and due to their innovative reputation and success it must be doing something right. However, I feel that it may just be a happy coincidence, and if stretched/ manipulated enough then of course it will fit almost any piece of design. To me, it seems that historic restrictions such as this are just used to justify personal design with integrity.
Another famous theorists who applies these principles is Jan Tschichold, who produced his own Golden Canon...
In short, by using a canon 'perfection' can be acheived due to the relationship between proportionality and beauty. 
This 'Golden Canon' incorporates a 9:9 grid, created to aid structure and enhance 'quality' design principles, with the 'Octavo' creating rectangles within the space. It seems to be best for modern publication design, within old manuscripts and even type. Often by the creation of rectangles, a border can be created to even aid photo books and more contemporary layout structure.
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